Reference Documents on Safe Nurse Staffing
General Quality of Care
Mumolie, G.P., Lichtig, L.K., Knauf, R.A. (2007). The implications of nurse staffing information: The real value of nursing data. Nursing Economics, 25(4), 212-6.
Beglinger, J. (2006) Quantifying patient care intensity: An evidence-based approach to determining staffing requirements. Nursing Administration Quarterly, 30(3), 193-202
Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P.I., Stewart, M., Zelevinsky, K. & Mattke, S. (2006) Nurse staffing in hospitals: Is there a business case for quality? Health Affairs, 25(1), 204-211
Dunton, N., & Schumann, M. (2005) Early Evidence on California Staffing Ratios Should be Interpreted with Caution. Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice 6(4), 354-357.
Donaldson, N., Bolton, L.B., Aydin, C., Brown, D., Elashoff, J.D., & Sandhu, M. (2005) Impact of California's licensed nurse-patient ratios on unit-level nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Policy, Politics & Nursing Practice, 6( ) 109-210.
Institute of Medicine. (2004). Keeping patients safe: Transforming the work environment of nurses. Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Mattke, S., Stewart, M., Zelevinsky, K. (2002). Nurse-staffing levels and the quality of care in hospitals. New England Journal of Medicine, 346(22), 1715-1722.
Sovie, M.D., Jawad, A.F. (2001). Hospital restructuring and its impact on outcomes: Nursing staff regulations are premature. Journal of Nursing Administration, 31(12), 588-600.
Blegen, M., Goode, C., & Reed, L. (1998). Nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Nursing Research, 47, 43-50.
Mortality
Kane, R.L., Shamliyan, T., Mueller, C., Duval, S., Wilt, T.J. (2007). Nurse staffing and quality of patient care. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment, 151, 1-115.
Needleman, J., Buerhaus, P., Stewart, M., Zelevinksy, K., Soeren, M. (2006). Nurse staffing in hospitals: Is there a business case for quality? Health Affairs, 25(1), 204-210.
Person, S.D., Allison, J.J., Kiefe, C.I., Weaver, M.T., Williams, O.D., Centor, R.M., et al. (2004). Nurse staffing and mortality for Medicare patients with acute myocardial infarction. Medical Care, 42(1), 4-12.
Cho, S.H., Ketefian, S., Barkauskas, V.H., Smith, D.G. (2003). The effects of nurse staffing on adverse events, morbidity, mortality, and medical costs. Nursing Research, 52(2), 71-79.
Curtin, L.L. (2003). An integrated analysis of nurse staffing and related variables: Effects on patient outcomes. Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 8(3), 5.
Pressure Ulcers
Wan, T.T, Zhang, N.J., Unruh, L. (2006). Predictors of resident outcome improvement in nursing homes. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 28(8), 974-993.
Horn, S.D., Buerhaus, P., Bergstrom, N., Smout, R.J. (2005). RN staffing time and outcomes of long-stay nursing home residents: Pressure ulcers and other adverse outcomes are less likely as RNs spend more time on direct patient care. American Journal on Nursing, 105(11), 58-70.
Unruh, L. (2003). Licensed nurse staffing and adverse events in hospitals. Medical Care, 41(1), 142-152.
Yang, K.P. (2003). Relationships between nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 149-158.
Decreased Nosocomial Infection/Wound Infection
McGillis Hall, L., Doran, D., Pink, G.H. (2004). Nurse staffing models, nursing hours, and patient safety outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration, 34 (1), 41-45.
Unruh, L. (2003). Licensed nurse staffing and adverse events in hospitals. Medical Care, 41(1), 142-152.
Yang, K.P. (2003). Relationships between nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 149-158.
Patient Safety/Falls
Dunton, N., Gajewski, B., Taunton, R.L., Moore, J. (2004). Nursing staffing and patient falls on acute care hospital units. Nursing Outlook, 52, 53-59.
Sochalski, J. (2004). Is more better?: The relationship between nurse staffing and the quality of nursing care in hospitals. Medical Care, 42(2), II67-73.
Unruh, L. (2003). Licensed nurse staffing and adverse events in hospitals. Medical Care, 41(1), 142-152.
Yang, K.P. (2003). Relationships between nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Research, 11(3), 149-158.
Patient Satisfaction
Bolton, L.E., Aydin, C.E., Donaldson, N., Brown, D.S., Nelson, M.S., Harms, D. (2003). Nurse staffing and patient perceptions of nursing care. Journal of Nursing Administration, 33(11), 607-614.
RN Satisfaction
Montalvo, I. and Dunton, N. (2007). Transforming Nursing Data into Quality Care: Profiles of Quality Improvement in U.S. Healthcare Facilities. American Nurses Association, Washington, DC.
Boyle, D.K., Miller, P.A., Gajewski, B.J., Hart, S.E., & Dunton, N. (2006). Unit type differences in RN workgroup job satisfaction. Western Journal of Nursing Research 28, 622-640.
Taunton , R. L.,Koehn, M. L., Miller, P., Rindner, E., Pace, C., Elliott, C., Bradley, K. J., Boyle, D. K., & Dunton, N.(2004). The NDNQI-Adapted Index of Work Satisfaction. Journal of Nursing Measurement, 12, 101-122.
Specialty Care
Treggiari, M.M., Martin, D.P., Yanez, N.D., Caldwell, E., Hudson, L.D., Rubenfeld, G.D. (2007). Effect of intensive care unit organizational model and structure on outcomes in patients with acute lung injury. American Journal of Respiratory Critical Care Medicine, 176(1), 685-690.
Lacey, S.R., Klaus, S.F., Smith, J.B., Cox, K.S., Dunton, N.E. (2006). Developing measures of pediatric nursing quality. Journal of Nursing Care Quality, 21(3), 210-220.
Weech-Maldonado, R., Meret-Hanke, L., Neff, M.C., Mor, V. (2004). Nurse staffing patterns and quality of care in nursing homes. Health Care Management Review, 29(2), 107-116.
Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M. Sochalski, J., Silber, J.H. (2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job satisfaction. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288(16), 1987-1993.
International Research
Rafferty, A.M., Clarke, S.P., Coles, J., Ball, J., James, P., McKee, M., et al. (2007). Outcomes of variation in hospital nurse staffing in English hospitals: Cross-sectional analysis of survey data and discharge records. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 44(2), 175-182.
Aiken, L.H., Clarke, S.P., Sloane, D.M. (2002). Hospital staffing, organization, and quality of care: Cross-national findings. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 14(1), 5-13.
Sasichay-Akkadechanunt, T., Scalzi, C.C., Jawad, A.F. (2003). The relationship between nurse staffing and patient outcomes. Journal of Nursing Administration, 33(9), 478-485.
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